Abstract: Various mainstream institutions such as World Bank and IMF have developed specialized climate change analysis and assessment tools for the analysis and evaluation of complex climate change issues, such as the pathways to achieve carbon neutrality in each country. The development of such tools typically needs to address some common challenges, including the complexity of modeling to match the issues discussed, the diversity and heterogeneity of research objects, the rational design of feedback mechanisms, the expression of technological progress and innovation mechanisms, the collection of real-world data to support modeling details, accuracy in long-term predictions, and the validation and assessment of the model itself and simulation results. This paper systematically summarizes climate change analysis and assessment tools developed by mainstream institutions, with a focus on analyzing the most widely used CGE models, IAM models, and E-DSGE models. It provides detailed descriptions of their structural characteristics, application scenarios, advantages, disadvantages, and applicability for analyzing issues related to China. Furthermore, this paper explores the Global Macro-Financial-Environmental Model, and its exploratory application in discussing complex climate change issues.

Full text:Exploratory Application of Climate Analysis Tools from Major Institutions